肾移植术后急性肾小管坏死（ＡＴＮ）发生率高，鉴别诊断困难。本研究对６８例肾移植病人作了８３次单光子发射计算机断层（ＳＰＥＣＴ）检测，发现ＡＴＮ和急性排斥反应均表现摄取慢而少伴皮质滞留，但后者同时有明显肾肿大及灌注异常；超排和急性加速性排斥肾不显影、显影不清或为“负影”，严重ＡＴＮ时也可显影不清，但血流灌注尚可；灌注期及摄取早期肾实质内放射性稀疏区是上尿路梗阻的典型特征；ＣｓＡ肾中毒则以摄取障碍为主，伴有一定排泄障碍。 Acute renal tubular necrosis after renal transplantation (ATN) the high incidence of differential diagnosis difficult. In this study, 83 single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) examinations were performed on 68 renal transplant recipients and found that both ATN and acute rejection showed slow and less frequent cortical retention, but the latter had both significant renal enlargement and perfusion ; Supraxia and acute accelerated rejection of renal does not develop, the development is unclear or as “negative”, severe ATN can also develop unclear, but perfusion is acceptable; perfusion and ingestion early renal parenchymal radioactive sparse area is Upper urinary tract obstruction of the typical features; CsA nephrotoxicity is based on the intake of obstruction, accompanied by a certain excretion disorder.