论文部分内容阅读
退耕还林(草)工程是黄土高原生态治理的主要举措,为认识黄土丘陵区十几年来参与退耕的农户特征变化,文中对2001年退耕还林(草)工程试点初期陕西省安塞县的149户调查农户进行了跟踪回访(2015年),对比分析了15年来农户搬离情况、农户劳动力结构、耕地和养殖情况、家庭收入情况、退耕态度等的变化特征。分析表明:近15年来,离开农村生活的农户增加,非农业劳动力比例和数量增加,非农业收入增加很快,退耕农户表现出明显的向非农化转变特征,整体收入结构好转;但退耕农户之间收入差异增加,农业生产的专业化分工特征明显;与初期相比,退耕农户的生态保护意识特征趋于淡化,对补贴款发放期限和强度期望提高,停止补贴后有复耕意向的农户有所增加。
In order to understand the characteristics of peasant households involved in returning land for ten years in the loess hilly region, the project of returning farmland to forestry (grassland) is the main measure of ecological management. In this paper, The investigation of 149 household surveyed (2015) made a comparative analysis of the changes of peasant households’ removal in 15 years, the labor force structure of peasant households, the conditions of cultivated land and farms, household income, and the attitude of returning farmland. The analysis shows that in the past 15 years, the number of rural households leaving rural areas has increased, the proportion and number of non-agricultural laborers increased, the non-agricultural incomes increased rapidly, the returned farm households showed obvious characteristics of non-agricultural transformation, and the overall income structure improved. However, Compared with the initial stage, the ecological protection awareness characteristics of the returning farmland tended to be weakened, and the expectation of the period and intensity of the subsidy payment was raised. After the subsidy was stopped, the farmers with the intention of re-farming were resumed Has increased.