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国有企业相比非国有企业具有更低的效率和效益似乎成为常识,但是1996~2004年我国工业企业的统计数据显示,国有企业的资金利润率显著低于非国有企业,而销售利润率却相反。进一步研究发现,随着市场化进程的加快,国有企业相比非国有企业的资金利润率差距加大,而销售利润率差距则不断缩小,这说明在剔除政策性的影响之外,国有企业所具有的管理机制缺陷和管理水平低下也是导致其绩效低下的重要原因。
State-owned enterprises seem to be less common than non-state-owned enterprises with lower efficiency and efficiency. However, the statistical data of China’s industrial enterprises from 1996 to 2004 show that the state-owned enterprises have a lower capital profit rate than non-state-owned enterprises, while the sales profit rate is the opposite . Further research shows that as the marketization process accelerates, the gap between the state-owned enterprises and the non-state-owned enterprises increases, while the gap between the sales and the profit margins keeps shrinking. This shows that in addition to the policy implications, the state-owned enterprises The defects of the management mechanism and the low management level are also the important reasons for the low performance.