在材料力学的教材和各种刊物里,人们常常迂到种种有关矛盾的提法,例如:载荷和承载能力,内力(或应力)和抗力,外力和内力(这对矛盾有时被认为是作用和反作用的矛盾的表现形式),破坏和反破坏,以及安全和经济的矛盾等等。众说纷纭,莫衷一是。本文试就这些矛盾谈一点粗浅的看法。 In material mechanics textbooks and in various publications, there are often contradictory references such as load and load carrying capacity, internal force (or stress) and resistance, external force and internal force (which are sometimes regarded as contradictions and Contradictory manifestations of reaction), vandalism and anti-sabotage, and the contradictions between security and economy. Different opinions, incomprehensible. This article tries to talk about these contradictions a little superficial view.