概述 硫化矿物的无捕收剂浮选既非新概念,亦非无稽之谈。它几乎从本世纪初就以好几种形式在生产中应用。现在,一些现代化选厂,每天有上千吨辉钼矿在没有捕收剂的条件下浮选。也可见到方铅矿和闪锌矿一类矿物的无捕收剂浮选。 硫化矿物无捕收剂浮选的认真研究似乎始于Ravitz与Porier及Herd与Ure的工作。他们研究了方铅矿的无捕收剂浮选。矿物用热的盐溶液如NH_4CH_3COO、NH_4Cl及NaCl洗涤并在浮选前用蒸馏水漂洗。这样预处理后再从系统中尽可能排除氧。在所有情况下,方铅矿经预处理后无任何添加剂都浮选良好。Herd与Ure认为热盐溶液洗涤的作用是除去方铅矿表面的亲水氧化产物而暴露出未氧化的疏水表面。 Overview Non-collector flotation of sulphide minerals is neither a new concept nor a nonsense. It has been used in production in several forms almost from the beginning of this century. Now, some modern processing plants have thousands of tons of molybdenum ore flotation each day without collectors. Non-collector flotation of minerals such as galena and sphalerite can also be seen. Serious studies of sulfide-free collector flotation seem to begin with the work of Ravitz and Porier and Herd and Ure. They studied collector-free flotation of galena. The mineral is washed with hot salt solution such as NH 4 CH 3 COO, NH 4 Cl and NaCl and rinsed with distilled water before flotation. This pretreatment and then exclude oxygen from the system as much as possible. In all cases, galena flotation was good without any additives after pretreatment. Herd and Ure believe that the effect of hot salt solution washing is to remove the hydrophilic oxidation product on the surface of galena to expose the unoxidized hydrophobic surface.