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采用田间试验研究了稻草覆盖条件下控释肥配施比例对花生产量、花生氮素积累及利用的影响。结果表明:与普通肥料1次性施用(MF0)相比,一次性配施20%(MF20)控释肥显著增加花生产量、单株果重和出仁率,而花生产量与传统二次施肥(CK2)处理相比则无显著差异。MF20处理增加了氮素在花生籽粒中的积累,提高了氮素收获指数,MF20处理氮肥生理利用率高达57.39%,分别比MF0和CK2处理高20.94和3.84个百分点。因此,配施一定量的控释肥有助于提高稻草覆盖条件下丘陵红壤旱地花生的产量和肥料利用率,并可实现田间管理轻简化。
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of the ratio of controlled release fertilizer on peanut yield and nitrogen accumulation and utilization under the straw mulching conditions. The results showed that the control of 20% (MF20) controlled release fertilizer significantly increased the yield of peanut, the fruit weight per plant and the kernel rate per plant, compared with the one-time application of common fertilizer (MF0) (CK2) treatment compared with no significant difference. MF20 treatment increased the accumulation of nitrogen in peanut kernels and increased the nitrogen harvest index. The physiological utilization of nitrogen fertilizers by MF20 was as high as 57.39%, which was 20.94 and 3.84 percentage points higher than that of MF0 and CK2 treatments respectively. Therefore, the application of a certain amount of controlled release fertilizer can help to improve the yield and fertilizer utilization rate of peanut in red soil condition under the condition of straw mulching, and can simplify the field management.