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通过室内模拟试验研究了氟啶胺在不同pH值和温度下的水解动态规律,以及在南京黄棕壤、江西红壤、东北黑土中于好气、渍水、灭菌土壤环境下的降解特性。结果表明,氟啶胺的水解与土壤降解均符合一级动力学方程。氟啶胺在酸性溶液中稳定,在碱性溶液中则水解较快,且25℃下在pH值为5、7、9、11的缓冲液中的水解半衰期分别为141.46 d、43.87 d、5.63 d、4.50 d;水解速率随温度升高而增加,在pH值为7的条件下,15℃、25℃、35℃时水解半衰期分别为73.74 d、43.87 d、29.25 d,平均温度效应系数为1.59,平均活化能为31.10 kJ/mol。氟啶胺平均降解速率从大到小的不同土壤为东北黑土、南京黄棕壤、江西红壤,降解速率受pH值与有机质质量分数的影响;降解速率从大到小的不同处理为渍水、好气、灭菌,厌氧微生物为主要影响因素。
The dynamics of the hydrolysis of fluazinam at different pH values and temperatures were studied through indoor simulation experiments and the degradation characteristics of yellow soil in Nanjing, red soil in Jiangxi, black soil in northeast China under the conditions of good gas, waterlogging and sterilizing soil. The results showed that the hydrolysis of fluazinam and soil degradation were in line with the first-order kinetic equation. Fluazinam is stable in acidic solution and rapidly hydrolyzed in alkaline solution, and the half-lives of hydrolysis in the buffers of pH 5, 7, 9, and 11 at 25 ℃ are 141.46 d, 43.87 d and 5.63 d and 4.50 d, respectively. The hydrolysis rate increased with the increase of temperature. Under pH 7, the half-lives of hydrolysis at 15 ℃, 25 ℃ and 35 ℃ were 73.74 d, 43.87 d and 29.25 d, respectively. The average temperature effect coefficient 1.59, the average activation energy of 31.10 kJ / mol. The average degradation rates of fluazinam from different soil types were as follows: black soil in Northeast China, yellow brown soil in Nanjing and red soil in Jiangxi Province. The degradation rate was influenced by pH value and organic matter mass fraction. The different treatments from big to small were waterlogging, Vigor, sterilization, anaerobic microorganisms as the main influencing factor.