船舶压舱水排放已经成为困扰国际海运业可持续发展的一道难题。近年来,国外的洞刺角刺藻等被带到了中国沿海,引发了赤潮的频频发生,而中国的金蚌则被带往南美。国际航行船舶压舱水排放引发了外来生物入侵,已受到各国公众的指责,被联合国全球环保基金组织(GEF)列为海洋面临的“四大危害”之一。 The discharge of ballast water from ships has become a difficult problem that troubles the sustainable development of international shipping industry. In recent years, foreign spiny algae were brought to China’s coastal areas, triggering frequent occurrence of red tide, while China’s gold clam was taken to South America. The international invasion of alien organisms caused by the discharge of ballast water from international voyages has been criticized by the public in various countries and has been listed as one of the “four hazards” confronted by the oceans by the United Nations Global Environment Facility (GEF).