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目的:观察乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)父婴垂直传播的几率。方法:选取2009年3月至2010年3月在广州市番禺区何贤纪念医院正规产检并且分娩的120例HBsAg和HBeAg均为阴性的孕妇作为研究对象,其中60例配偶为乙型肝炎病毒携带者作为研究组,60例配偶HBsAg和HBeAg均为阴性者作为对照组。ELISA和FQ-PCR法分别检测新生儿脐血中HBV-M和HBV-DNA情况。结果:两组新生儿的脐血HBsAg、HBeAg及HBV-DNA阳性率均为0(P>0.05)。研究组和对照组HBsAb(+)孕妇分别为54例和52例,其新生儿脐血中HBsAb(+)者分别为51例和46例,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。无论研究组丈夫HBV-DNA的含量高低,新生儿脐血中HBV-DNA均为阴性,研究组和对照组HBV父婴垂直传播几率均为0(P>0.05)。结论:在全民普遍接种乙型肝炎疫苗,人群HBsAb阳性率较高的情况下,乙型肝炎病毒父婴垂直传播的几率非常小。
Objective: To observe the probability of vertical transmission of Hepatitis B virus (HBV). Methods: A total of 120 pregnant women who were negative for both HBsAg and HBeAg were selected from March 2009 to March 2010 at He Xian Memorial Hospital, Panyu District, Guangzhou. Among them, 60 spouses were carriers of hepatitis B virus As a research group, 60 spouses were negative for HBsAg and HBeAg as control group. The levels of HBV-M and HBV-DNA in neonatal cord blood were detected by ELISA and FQ-PCR respectively. Results: The positive rates of HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV-DNA in cord blood of two groups of neonates were all 0 (P> 0.05). There were 54 cases and 52 cases of HBsAb (+) pregnant women in the study group and the control group, 51 cases and 46 cases of HBsAb (+) in their newborns respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05 ). Regardless of the level of HBV-DNA in the study group husband, the HBV-DNA in neonatal cord blood was negative, and the probability of vertical transmission of HBV in the study group and the control group was 0 (P> 0.05). Conclusion: In the case of universal hepatitis B vaccination, the positive rate of HBsAb in the population is high, and the probability of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus is very low.