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目的观测家猪房室交点区解剖学特征,为比较解剖学积累资料。方法采用30例长白猪心脏在新鲜状态下测量房室交点区相关数据,建立几何模型处理数据。10%甲醛固定48 h后,用过氯乙烯—丙酮填充剂灌注左、右冠状动脉及其分支,心大静脉及其属支。解剖并观测房室交点区结构。结果左、右后房室沟和后室间沟呈“Y”型相交。后房间沟呈弧形凸向左心房,在房室交点区与左后房室沟相交。以“Y”型交叉点和心尖区距交叉点最远处连线为猪心长轴,弧形后房间沟到长轴的最远距离为(20.58±14.45)mm,后房间沟与长轴的交点到两后房室沟交点的距离为(22.79±10.93)mm。左、右后房室沟夹角为(148.19±57.06)°,左后房室沟与后室间沟夹角为(101.95±19.46)°。房室交点区内观察到“U”型弯曲、心中静脉及其属支和神经。结论家猪与成人房室交点区表面观不同,后房室沟、后房间沟和后室间沟位置关系与成人有差异。
Objective To observe the anatomical characteristics of cross-sectional area of swine atrioventricular compartments in order to compare anatomic data. Methods 30 cases of Landrace pigs were measured freshly in the atrioventricular nodal area related data, the establishment of geometric model processing data. After fixation with 10% formaldehyde for 48 h, the left and right coronary arteries and their branches, cardiac vein and its branches were perfused with perchlorethylene-acetone filler. Anatomy and observation of atrioventricular zone structure. The results of the left and right posterior chamber ditch and posterior chamber ditch was “Y ” type intersection. After the room domed curved convex to the left atrium, in the atrioventricular area and the left atrioventricular groove intersection. The distance between the “Y” type cross point and the apex of the apex is the long axis of the pig heart, the distance between the arc and the ditch to the long axis is (20.58 ± 14.45) mm, the posterior chamber groove The distance from the intersection of the long axis to the intersection of the two posterior chamber ditch was (22.79 ± 10.93) mm. The angle between the left and right posterior chamber was (148.19 ± 57.06) °. The included angle between the posterior chamber and left posterior chamber was (101.95 ± 19.46) °. Atrioventricular node area observed “U ” type of bending, the heart vein and its branches and nerves. Conclusion There is a difference in the topography of the cross between the domestic pigs and the atrioventricular compartments. The posterior chamber ditch, posterior chamber ditch and posterior chamber ditch are different from adults.