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以12个小麦亲本及其35个正交组合的杂种F1为材料,研究了9个绵阳号小麦6个株高及其构成性状的杂种优势和配合力。结果表明,小麦的杂种优势普遍存在。所测性状的表现由加性和非加性基因共同决定,亲本的自身表现与一般配合力密切相关,可以用双亲平均值大体预测杂种F1的表现。绵阳01821和绵阳89-47株高降矮力强,其株高构成性状的作用方向符合矮化育种要求,是可资利用的优良矮秆材料。文中探讨了利用F1遗传信息,对指导亲本选配的作用和意义。
Twelve wheat parents and 35 cross combinations of F1 were used as experimental materials to study the heterosis and combining ability of 6 plant height and its traits in 9 Mianyang wheat cultivars. The results showed that wheat heterosis is ubiquitous. The performance of the tested traits is determined by both additive and non-additive genes. The performance of the parents is closely related to the general combining ability, and the parental average can be used to generally predict the performance of the hybrid F1. The Mianyang 01821 and Mianyang 89-47 plants are characterized by strong descending forces and their direction of action of the plant height constitutional trait accords with the requirements of dwarf breeding and are good dwarf materials available for use. In this paper, the use of F1 genetic information to explore the role of parents and the significance of matching.