索绪尔的《普通语言学教程》是布龙菲尔德的名著《语言论》的重要成书背景,《语言论》在不少基本观点上对《普通语言学教程》有所继承,但布龙菲尔德和索绪尔对于语言的基本认识——信号观和符号观——是两种有着本质区别的认识。本文试图从符号观和信号观的基本内涵、基本属性、任意性以及系统观点这几个方面,探析这两种语言观的根本不同。 Saussure’s “General Linguistics Course” is an important background of Bloomfield’s famous book “Linguistics.” “Language Theory” has inherited “General Linguistics Course” from many basic points of view, but Bloomfield And Saussure’s basic understanding of the language - the concept of signal and the concept of the symbol - are two kinds of essentially different understanding. This article attempts to explore the fundamental differences between the two linguistic views from the aspects of the basic connotation, the basic attributes, the arbitrariness and the system viewpoint of the notion of symbols and signals.