在中华文化趋向成熟、 趋向精密化的阔大背景下， 中国古代的科技文化在宋代发展至极盛。 在此前后的任何一个朝代， 无论是科学技术的研究与推广， 还是文化艺术的创作与传播， 比之两宋都大为逊色。 宋代在业已形成的传统科技文化基础上， 取得了一系列新的辉煌成就， 在众多方面居于当时世界领先水平。 Under the broad background that Chinese culture tends to be mature and tends to be more sophisticated, the ancient Chinese science and technology have enjoyed a flourishing development in the Song Dynasty. Before and after any dynasty, both the study and promotion of science and technology, or the creation and dissemination of culture and the arts, much less than the two Song. Based on the established traditional science and technology culture, the Song Dynasty made a series of new brilliant achievements and in many respects was the world leading level at that time.