一、文学中的悲剧意识文学中的悲剧意识是指作者用散文、诗词或其他文学表现形式对自身及他人的人生挫折感和积极寻找对这种挫折感进行艺术分析和心里抗议的心理动力、意向和能量的总和。悲剧意识主要包含三个层面,最初是对自身及他人的挫折及备受打击的自身体验和由此而产生的愁苦情怀,也即现实的“悲苦意识”及“人生挫折感”。这些构成了悲剧意识的基础层面。悲 I. Tragic Consciousness in Literature Tragedy consciousness in literature refers to the writer’s frustration on himself and others’ life through prose, poetry or other literary expressions and the active search for the psychological motivation for art analysis and psychological protest on this frustration. The sum of intention and energy. The tragedy consciousness mainly includes three levels, initially the setbacks to oneself and others, the experience of the hitter itself and the resulting sorrows, that is, the real “sense of sadness” and “frustration in life” . These constitute the basic level of tragic consciousness. sad