论文部分内容阅读
基于生态足迹、碳足迹和水足迹的足迹家族模式,构建了资源环境压力评价指标体系,以丝绸之路经济带重要节点宁夏为研究区,探究人类活动对区域资源环境的影响.结果表明:1990—2013年宁夏的人均生物质足迹由0.61 hm2增至0.66 hm2,人均水足迹由984.85 m3增至1520.59 m3,人均碳足迹由4.55 t增至27.53 t(扩大了6.05倍),资源环境压力指数由0.45增大到0.89,从中下(Ⅱa)等级升为很高(Ⅲb)等级,人地关系日益严峻.研究初期,资源环境的压力主要来自于生态压力,后期逐渐转为以温室气体排放压力和水资源压力为主.空间上,资源环境压力存在较大差异,2013年银川市、石嘴山市和固原市的资源环境压力处于很高等级(Ⅲb),吴忠市和中卫市处于中上等级(Ⅱb).其中,银川市的主要压力来自温室气体排放压力和生态压力,石嘴山市主要来自温室气体排放压力,固原市主要来自水资源压力和生态压力,吴忠市和中卫市的三大压力所占份额相当.提高生物资源供应能力、降低水资源压力,加快节能减排和低碳经济发展能力,是宁夏生态文明建设中亟待解决的重大问题.
Based on the footprint family model of ecological footprint, carbon footprint and water footprint, the evaluation index system of resources and environment pressure was constructed, and the influence of human activities on regional resources and environment was explored in Ningxia, an important node of the Silk Road Economic Belt. - The per capita biomass footprint of Ningxia increased from 0.61 hm2 to 0.66 hm2 in 2013, the per capita water footprint increased from 984.85 m3 to 1520.59 m3, and the per capita carbon footprint increased from 4.55 t to 27.53 t (an increase of 6.05 times). The resource and environmental stress index increased from 0.45 to 0.89, and the relationship between man and land became more and more serious from the middle or lower (Ⅱa) level to the high (Ⅲb) level.Under the initial research stage, the pressure on resources and environment mainly came from ecological pressure and the later period was changed to greenhouse gas emission pressure and In terms of space, the pressure on resources and environment is quite different. In 2013, the resource and environmental pressures in Yinchuan, Shizuishan and Guyuan are at a very high level (Ⅲb), and Wuzhong and Zhongwei are in the middle and upper classes (Ⅱ b Among them, Yinchuan City, the main pressure from the pressure of greenhouse gas emissions and ecological pressure, Shizuishan City, mainly from greenhouse gas emissions pressure, Guyuan City, mainly from the pressure of water resources and ecology Force, Wuzhong and Zhongwei City, the three share a considerable pressure. Improve the supply capacity of biological resources and reduce pressure on water resources, energy saving and low-carbon economy to accelerate capacity development is a major issue to be solved in the construction of ecological civilization Ningxia.