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文学翻译者应努力传递出发语语言形式所触发的语用前提,以实现语用对等这一翻译目标。译者可能不能准确充分地解读作者预设的语用前提,造成作者预设的出发语文化信息的扭曲或失落。本文运用语用前提理论考察《阿Q正传》杨宪益、戴乃迭译本和蓝诗玲译本如何解读和传译语用前提,对他们采用的翻译方法进行比较评析。结果表明:无论是本土译者的杨宪益还是外籍译者的蓝诗玲,在解读《阿Q正传》中的若干语用前提方面都遇到一些困难;杨氏夫妇和蓝诗玲均采用了直译法、替代(归化)法、释义法、文内增补法,杨译还采用了文外注释法;总体上,蓝译本的准确性仍逊色于杨译本,且对杨译的参考及依赖程度相当大;杨译仍是迄今最准确可靠的鲁迅小说英译本。
Literary translators should strive to convey the pragmatic premise triggered by the linguistic form of the language in order to achieve the goal of pragmatic equivalence. The translator may not be able to accurately and fully interpret the author’s presuppositions of pragmatics and cause the author’s distortion or loss of idiosyncratic language information. This paper uses the pragmatic premise theory to examine the translation of Yang Zhaoyi, Dai Naidian and Lan Shi-ling’s translation of “The True Story of Ah Q” into pragmatic premises and the comparative analysis of their translation methods. The result shows that both the native translator Yang Xian-yi and the foreign translator Lan Shi-ling have encountered some difficulties in interpreting some of the pragmatic premises in The True Story of Ah Q; the Young’s couple and Lan Shi-ling both adopted Literal translation method, substitution (naturalization) method, paraphrase, supplement method in the text, Yang translation also adopted the method of extra-commentary; in general, the accuracy of the blue translation is still less than Yang translation, and Yang translation reference and dependence A great extent; Yang translation is by far the most accurate and reliable English translation of Lu Xun’s novels.