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微生物生长繁殖过程中产生的代谢产物种类繁多,结构各异,是寻找生物活性物质的重要天然宝库之一。自Fleming发现青霉素之后,人们不断从微生物代谢产物中筛选到有价值的抗菌药物,为人类抗感染疾病的治疗作出了极大贡献。随着抗生素数量的增加,随机筛选抗生素的重复机率高,鉴别工作量大。以致人们一度对从微生物代谢物中寻找抗生素丧失信心。近年来,生物学各相关学科的发展及各种新技术的应用,基于酶抑制剂,抗原-抗体,受体-配基相互作用原理和应用生物技术建立了许多各具特色的筛选方法,新发现抗生素的种类和数量不断增加。从微生物代谢物中寻找抗生素仍不失为新抗生素研究的重要途径之一。
The variety of metabolites produced by the growth and reproduction of microorganisms and their different structures are one of the important natural treasures for finding bioactive substances. Since the discovery of penicillin by Fleming, people have continuously screened valuable antibacterial drugs from microbial metabolites and made great contributions to the treatment of human anti-infective diseases. With the increase in the number of antibiotics, random screening of antibiotics, the high probability of duplication, identify the workload. As a result, people once lost confidence in looking for antibiotics from microbial metabolites. In recent years, the development of various related disciplines in biology and the application of various new technologies have established a number of distinctive screening methods based on the principles of enzyme inhibitors, antigen-antibody, receptor-ligand interaction and applied biotechnology, and new The type and amount of antibiotics found are constantly increasing. Looking for antibiotics from microbial metabolites is still one of the important ways to study new antibiotics.