微型计算机的出现是电子计算机发展过程中的重要转折点。在七十年代中期之前,计算机一直在沿着大型化、高速化,以及高度集中的方向发展,所以许多计算机专家感到计算机的规模会越来越大、越来越集中,因而预测将兴起一种计算机服务事业,就是说会出现集中的大型计算机中心。但是,出乎意外的是到了七十年代中期集成电子学的发展改变了整个局面。在一个硅片上集成上万个电子元件,这样的集成度使微型计算机的成本越来越低,便于大量生产。于是就出现 The advent of microcomputers is an important turning point in the development of electronic computers. Until the mid-1970s, computers had been moving in the direction of becoming larger, faster and more focused, so many computer experts felt the computer would become larger and larger, and the prediction would have arisen Computer services, that is to say there will be concentrated large computer center. Unexpectedly, however, by the mid-1970s the development of integrated electronics changed the whole picture. The integration of tens of thousands of electronic components on a silicon chip has led to the ever-lower cost of microcomputers for mass production. Then appeared