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智能完井技术,就是利用永久式井下监测和流量控制设备连续监测和控制油井流动系统。目前,该技术在油气井和油藏动态管理中已得到广泛应用。智能井的应用大大超出了原来该技术的设计目的,无需采油修理作业及相关的费用,只需通过安装与地面连接的永久式井下监测和流量控制装置就可以实现测量和控制。除了这些优点之外,该技术还用于优化气举和电潜泵系统、防砂、油气层保护、气锥问题以及消除窜流等。本文对现有的智能技术进行了总结,描述了从数据获取到优化控制的生产优化工作流程,讨论了针对不同完井类型和泄油体积特征部署该工艺的有效方法。油田实例表明,智能完井的监测功能和控制功能可以独立应用。但是,如果监测和控制系统相互结合的话,智能系统的效率会得到极大的提高。监测可以直接引导控制方案,使控制结果生效。同样,井下监测需要使用控制系统,以便于监测系统识别的问题能得到恰当的处理。文章中提出的方法有助于实现智能完井技术价值的最大化。
Intelligent well completion technology is the continuous monitoring and control of well flow systems with permanent downhole monitoring and flow control equipment. At present, this technology has been widely used in the well management of oil and gas wells and reservoirs. The use of smart wells goes well beyond the design goals of the technology, eliminating the need for oil recovery and related costs and enabling measurement and control through the installation of permanent downhole monitoring and flow control devices connected to the ground. In addition to these advantages, the technology is also used to optimize gas lift and ESP systems, sand control, reservoir protection, gas cone problems and elimination of cross flow. This paper summarizes the existing intelligent technologies, describes the production optimization workflow from data acquisition to optimization control, and discusses effective methods for deploying the technology for different completion types and drainage volume features. Oilfield examples show that intelligent completion monitoring and control functions can be applied independently. However, if the monitoring and control systems are integrated with each other, the efficiency of the intelligent system will be greatly improved. Monitoring can directly guide the control scheme so that the control results take effect. Similarly, downhole monitoring requires the use of control systems so that issues identified by the monitoring system can be properly addressed. The method proposed in this article helps to maximize the value of intelligent well completion technology.