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目的了解元谋县健康人群的麻疹血清抗体水平,为针对性开展麻疹防治提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样法,于2013-2015年对元谋县所辖乡镇健康人群进行麻疹抗体水平检测,3年共抽取1 169人检测麻疹抗体IgG水平,对检测结果进行描述性统计分析。结果元谋县健康人群麻疹IgG抗体阳性率为98.1%,保护率为70.4%,抗体滴度几何均数为1:1 114;18~23月年龄组保护率最高(89.3%),26~35岁年龄组保护率最低(48.4%),各年龄组保护率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=109.4,P=0.000);抗体滴度18~23月年龄组最高(1:1 696),26~35岁年龄组最低(1:668),各年龄组间抗体滴度均数差异有统计学意义(F=15.636,P=0.000);各年龄组抗体滴度阳性保护率和几何均数均呈现先升高、降低、再升高的“N”型分布,呈现“两峰一谷”模式;各乡镇麻疹抗体滴度老城乡保护率最高(90.5%),平田乡保护率最低(35.0%),各乡镇保护率比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=162.2,P=0.000);抗体滴度几何均数江边乡最高(1:2 195),平田乡最低(1:572),各乡镇抗体滴度均数比较差异有统计学意义(F=33.7,P=0.000)。结论元谋县健康人群麻疹免疫总体水平已达到消除麻疹应维持在95%以上的要求,但不同年龄组间和不同乡镇间抗体保护率有差异,免疫规划工作还存在一定的薄弱环节,建议加强对抗体阳性率较低人群(26~35岁年龄组)和薄弱地区(平田乡、凉山乡、羊街镇)的麻疹疫苗免疫及强化工作。
Objective To understand the measles serum antibody level of healthy population in Yuanmou County and provide a scientific basis for the targeted prevention and treatment of measles. Methods A multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to detect measles antibody levels in healthy population from villages and towns under the jurisdiction of Yuanmou County from 2013 to 2015. A total of 1,169 measles antibody IgG levels were collected during the three years and the test results were descriptively analyzed analysis. Results The positive rate of measles IgG antibody in healthy population of Yuanmou county was 98.1%, the protection rate was 70.4%, the geometric mean of antibody titers was 1: 1144; the highest protection rate was 89.3% in the 18-23 months age group and 26-35 years The protection rate of the age group was the lowest (48.4%), the protection rate of each age group was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 109.4, P = 0.000) The mean antibody titer in all age groups was statistically significant (F = 15.636, P = 0.000). The positive rate of antibody titer and mean geometric mean The pattern of “two peaks and one valley” showed the pattern of “two peaks and one valley”. The titers of measles antibody in each township were the highest (90.5%), the protection rate of Hsintien Township (35.0%). There was significant difference in the protection rates among towns (χ ~ 2 = 162.2, P = 0.000). The geometric mean titers of antibody titers were the highest (1: 2 195) : 572). There was significant difference in mean antibody titers among all townships (F = 33.7, P = 0.000). Conclusion The overall level of measles immunity in healthy population of Yuanmou County has reached the requirement of eliminating measles more than 95%. However, the antibody protection rate varies among different age groups and different towns and townships. There are still some weak points in the immunization planning work. Antibody positive rate of the lower population (26 to 35 age group) and weak areas (Hirata Township, Liangshan Township, Sheep Street Town) measles vaccine immunization and strengthening work.