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本文简单介绍了贮氢材料目前的发展概况、原理及用途。氢作为二次能源越来越受重视,为了安全储存、运送氢就出现了贮氢材料。那是金属氢化物,可以吸收大量氢,当需用时又可放出氢。从实用观点来看能作为贮氢材料的目前主要有TiFe系、MgNi系和LaNi_5系。其发展趋势是加入其它合金元素以及改善吸氢、放氢性能,即向多元化发展。另外,混合稀土系研究也很活跃。金属氢化物除作贮氢用途外,由于其吸氢为放热反应,反之放氢为吸热反应,而且有气相、固相同时存在,因而也是一种热能—化学能—机械能的能量转换材料。可作为利用太阳能的热储存材料,已在研究用作家庭用的冷暖设备,还可利用来提纯氢,分离出氘,氚。其用途目前还在研究发展中。
This article briefly introduces the current development of hydrogen storage materials, principles and uses. Hydrogen as a secondary energy more and more attention, in order to store safely, hydrogen transport material appeared hydrogen storage. That’s a metal hydride that absorbs a lot of hydrogen and releases it when it’s needed. From the practical point of view as a hydrogen storage material currently TiFe, MgNi and LaNi_5 Department. Its development trend is to join other alloying elements and improve hydrogen absorption, hydrogen discharge performance, that is, to the diversified development. In addition, mixed rare earth research is also very active. In addition to metal hydrogenation for hydrogen storage purposes, due to its hydrogen absorption for the exothermic reaction, whereas the hydrogen release for the endothermic reaction, but also the gas phase, the solid phase exist at the same time, and therefore a thermal energy - chemical energy - mechanical energy energy conversion material . Can be used as a heat storage material using solar energy, has been studied for household use of heating and cooling equipment, but also can be used to purify hydrogen, separation of deuterium, tritium. Its use is still under research and development.