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土壤可蚀性因子K是表征土壤性质对侵蚀作用敏感程度的指标,对K值准确估算是构建土壤侵蚀模型的前提。研究以试验小区的野外观测资料和室内土壤理化性质分析数据为基础,运用通用土壤流失方程和诺谟公式分别实测和估算K值。结果显示,实测值均大于估算值,说明现有K值估算模型不能直接应用于东北典型黑土区。但分析发现实测值与估算值之间具有良好的线性相关,可建立回归方程,以此来修正诺谟公式。利用修正诺谟公式估算东北典型黑土区内不同地区及不同资料占有情况下的土壤可蚀性K值,并编制K值空间分布图。研究成果可以为东北典型黑土区土壤侵蚀模型构建及水土保持提供基础资料。
Soil erodibility factor K is an index to characterize the sensitivity of soil properties to erosion. Accurate estimation of K value is the prerequisite for constructing soil erosion model. Based on the field observation data of the experimental plot and the analysis data of indoor soil physical and chemical properties, the K values were measured and estimated by the general soil loss equation and the Norman equation respectively. The results show that the measured values are greater than the estimated value, indicating that the existing K value estimation model can not be directly applied to the typical black soil area in Northeast China. However, the analysis found that there is a good linear correlation between the measured and estimated values, and the regression equation can be established to correct the Norman formula. The modified Norman formula was used to estimate the soil erodibility K values in different regions and different data occupations in the typical black soil area of Northeast China and the K value spatial distribution map was prepared. The research results can provide the basic data for building soil erosion model and soil and water conservation in the typical black soil region of Northeast China.