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目的了解清远市区不同人群乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)的流行情况,为乙肝的防治工作提供依据。方法 2009年1～12月,采用整群抽样的方法,分别对职校学生、职前人群和企业职工共13 681人进行健康检查并同时抽取静脉血样,用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)进行乙肝病毒(HBV)血清学检测。结果共检测血样13 681份,乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝表面抗体(HBsAb)、乙肝e抗原(HBeAg)、乙肝e抗体(HBeAb)、乙肝核心抗体(HBcAb)总体阳性率分别为5.61%、62.74%、1.01%、8.35%、10.75%;HBsAg阳性率男性(7.23%)高于女性(3.70%);HBsAg阳性率职前人群最高(7.54%),职校学生最低(3.20%,均P<0.01)。HBsAb阳性率女性(65.50%)高于男性(60.39%);HBsAb阳性率企业职工最高(63.81%),职校学生最低(59.50%,均P<0.01)。乙肝5项标志物检测,HBV总感染率为69.57%,单项HBsAb阳性率为58.34%,“大三阳”阳性率为0.96%,“小三阳”阳性率为3.42%,HBV感染全阴率为30.43%。结论清远市区职校、职前和企业人群HBV感染情况不容乐观,应继续加强乙肝防治工作,控制乙肝流行。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in different populations in Qingyuan urban area and provide basis for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B virus. Methods From January to December 2009, a total of 13 681 workers in vocational schools, pre-employment groups and enterprise employees were enrolled in a health examination and a venous blood sample was taken simultaneously by cluster sampling method. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed Hepatitis B virus (HBV) serological test. Results A total of 13 681 blood samples were tested. The overall positive rates of HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb and HBcAb were 5.61% 62.74%, 1.01%, 8.35% and 10.75% respectively. The positive rate of HBsAg in male was higher than that in female (3.70%). The positive rate of HBsAg was 7.54% in pre-service and lowest in vocational school (3.20% <0.01). The positive rate of HBsAb was higher in female (65.50%) than in male (60.39%). The positive rate of HBsAb was the highest among workers (63.81%) and lowest in vocational school (59.50%, both P <0.01). HBsAb positive rate was 58.34%, positive rate of “Big Sanyang” was 0.96%, positive rate of “Small Sanyang” was 3.42%, HBV infection The total negative rate of 30.43%. Conclusions HBV infection in vocational schools, pre-employment and corporate populations in Qingyuan is not optimistic. Hepatitis B prevention and treatment should be strengthened and the prevalence of hepatitis B should be controlled.