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技巧1 巧用生活常识抢分
综观历年高考英语听力考题,每年都有不少听力题存在设题上的“漏洞”,如果同学们能注意到这些“漏洞”,并充分利用自己的聪明才智,同时结合一定的生活常识,往往可以不用听录音便可猜出答案。如下面这道题(北京高考听力题):
Why did the woman go to the bank?
A. To buy a new house.
B. To meet the manager.
C. To make an appointment.
【分析】对于此题,只要同学们动用你的智力和生活常识,用不着听录音也可做出来。题目的问题是:这位妇女去银行干什么?所给的三个选项分别是:买房子、见经理、确定约会。“买房子”显然不合情理,因为“银行”不是卖房子的地方;“确定约会”也不太合情理,因为要确定约会一般只需打电话就可以了,完全没有必要去与人当面确定约会,不过这里要注意的是make an appointment是“确定约会”,不是“赴约”,要表示后者的意思,英语要用其他的表达,如keep the appointment赴约,be punctual for the appointment准时赴约,be in time for the appointment及时赴约,等等;而“见经理”则有可能,因为去银行一般是为了借钱,为了借钱而找银行经理是完全可能的。
请看看下面相应的录音原文:
My husband and I have decided to buy a new house,and I made an appointment to see a bank manager. I’ve never met him before,and was a little nervous. I drove into town and was lucky enough to find a parking space outside the bank. I just started backing into the space when another car drove into it. I was very angry. I opened my window and shouted at the other driver. He ignored me and walked away. It took me twenty minutes to find another place. As soon as I parked the car,I rushed into the bank. I was ten minutes late for my appointment. I went to the manager?謘s office,knocked and walked in. The manager was sitting behind his desk. He was the man who had taken my parking space.
答案果然是B。
技巧2 巧借对话环境抢分
一般说来,听力考试的对话材料都有比较固定的对话环境,比较常考的有商店、医院、学校、书店、车站、餐馆、旅馆、公园、电影院、图书馆等。在通常情况下,特定的环境往往会谈论特定的话题,如在医院,医生与病人之间一般谈论病情或健康问题;在图书馆一般是谈论看书或借书;等等。同学们如果知道了对话的环境,就可预测可能谈到的话题;反之,如果知道谈论的话题,也就可以推断对话者之间的关系或对话的环境。假若你在试卷上读到下面一题(湖北高考听力题):
Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In an office. ?摇?摇B. In a library. ?摇 C. In a bookstore.
【分析】当同学们在试卷上读到这样的文字信息时,应该事先预测这些地方可能涉及的话题。如果是在办公室,多半是谈论工作问题;如果是在图书馆,则多是涉及借书;若是在书店,则多半是涉及卖书。下面请看看此题的录音原文:
M:Excuse me. Is this dictionary available?
W:Ur...Oxford Learners’ Dictionary,the seventh edition? I am sorry. It’s sold out.
M:Oh,that’s too bad.
该对话有两个关键词:一是dictionary,二是 sell out。dictionary一词暗示对话地点可能是library或bookstore,sell out则暗示是bookstore不是library。
技巧3 巧借选项异同抢分
有的听力考题所提供的选项内容比较长,此时同学们可以用区分、比较选项的共同点和不同点的方法来寻找与听力原文相联系的潜在信息。一般说来,当听力选项较长时,一般都是竖向排列的,此时同学们可以用竖向分离的方法将它们的共同点和不同点区分开来。如:
A. She has bought a new Chinese-English dictionary.
B. She decided to buy a new Chinese-English dictionary.
C. She wants to borrow a new Chinese-English dictionary.
D. She has brought a new Chinese-English dictionary.
【分析】如果同学们用两条竖线将上面例题选择项中的主语、谓语和宾语分开,便可更清楚地看出,它们的主语部分都是相同的,宾语部分也相同,不同的部分是谓语,而不同的部分正是听音中要弄清的重点问题。在听音时就将注意力和视线的落点都集中在四个谓语部分上。另外,对于句子结构差别很大,无法从字面上区分异同的选择项,要设法从语义和内容中寻找一些共同点和不同点。如:
A. It’s too late for the man to go to the concert.
B. The man must wait for two hours to buy a ticket.
C. The man can buy a standing-room ticket tomorrow.
D. People have already been standing in line for two hours.
看完这四个选择项,同学们可能会有这样的预感:听力原文的主要内容是男方要买音乐会的门票。问题是怎样买?买什么票?是排队等两个小时,还是买明天的站票?现在带着这两个问题来看一下相应的听力原文:
M:Do you have a seat for concert tomorrow?
W:No seats at all,but we sell standing-room tickets two hours before the performance.
Q:What does the woman mean?
【分析】听力原文中We sell standing-room tickets回答了我们预测中的问题,因此正确答案为C。Wait for two hours和standing in line for two hours都是利用听力原文中曾出现的词汇而设置的干扰。
技巧4 根据关键词的出现频率抢分
同学们在进行听力测试前,先把答卷浏览一遍,有时会发现有的单词或短语在选项中出现的频率较高,并且出现的机会还有一定的规律,此时同学们可以根据这些多次在选项中出现的单词或词组来预测听力原文的相关内容。一般来说,在选择项中出现频率较高的单词或词组,在听力原文中使用它们的可能性就比较大。如:
A. The teacher postponed the meeting.
B. There won’t be a test this afternoon.
C. The students will be attending the meeting.
D. The students will take an English test this afternoon.
【分析】选项中的划线部分都是在选项中出现较多的词汇,可以预测听力原文的内容会与meeting或test有关。将其他的信息联系起来,我们可以得到听力原文的含义可能是:学生们今天下午将参加(或不参加)考试(或会议)。录音中的听力原文是这样的:
W:Shall we have an English test this afternoon?
M:It’s postponed because the teacher has to attend a meeting.
Q:What do we learn from the conversation?
听力原文与我们预测的内容是一致的,并且很多词汇已在选择中出现,只要弄清It’s postponed中的it是指English test,就能很容易选出正确答案B。
技巧5 通过分析前后相关问题抢分
一段录音材料一般设计2至3个问题,这些问题往往形成了一个信息链,考生可以从中预测听力测试内容,有时甚至问题本身就泄露了答案。比如,广东卷有一年的高考听力最后一段独白有这样两道题:
19. Why did the speaker get a parking ticket?
A. His car was parked for too long.
B. His car took up too much space.
C. He left his car in a wrong place.
20. Which of the following words describes the day the speaker had?
A. Exciting.
B. Unlucky
C. Tiring
【分析】19小题的问题是“说话人为什么得到违章停车罚单”,而20小题是问“哪个词可反映出说话人的心情”。根据第19小题的题干我们可以大胆地猜出20小题答案可能是B,即unlucky。
(编辑 陈根花)
综观历年高考英语听力考题,每年都有不少听力题存在设题上的“漏洞”,如果同学们能注意到这些“漏洞”,并充分利用自己的聪明才智,同时结合一定的生活常识,往往可以不用听录音便可猜出答案。如下面这道题(北京高考听力题):
Why did the woman go to the bank?
A. To buy a new house.
B. To meet the manager.
C. To make an appointment.
【分析】对于此题,只要同学们动用你的智力和生活常识,用不着听录音也可做出来。题目的问题是:这位妇女去银行干什么?所给的三个选项分别是:买房子、见经理、确定约会。“买房子”显然不合情理,因为“银行”不是卖房子的地方;“确定约会”也不太合情理,因为要确定约会一般只需打电话就可以了,完全没有必要去与人当面确定约会,不过这里要注意的是make an appointment是“确定约会”,不是“赴约”,要表示后者的意思,英语要用其他的表达,如keep the appointment赴约,be punctual for the appointment准时赴约,be in time for the appointment及时赴约,等等;而“见经理”则有可能,因为去银行一般是为了借钱,为了借钱而找银行经理是完全可能的。
请看看下面相应的录音原文:
My husband and I have decided to buy a new house,and I made an appointment to see a bank manager. I’ve never met him before,and was a little nervous. I drove into town and was lucky enough to find a parking space outside the bank. I just started backing into the space when another car drove into it. I was very angry. I opened my window and shouted at the other driver. He ignored me and walked away. It took me twenty minutes to find another place. As soon as I parked the car,I rushed into the bank. I was ten minutes late for my appointment. I went to the manager?謘s office,knocked and walked in. The manager was sitting behind his desk. He was the man who had taken my parking space.
答案果然是B。
技巧2 巧借对话环境抢分
一般说来,听力考试的对话材料都有比较固定的对话环境,比较常考的有商店、医院、学校、书店、车站、餐馆、旅馆、公园、电影院、图书馆等。在通常情况下,特定的环境往往会谈论特定的话题,如在医院,医生与病人之间一般谈论病情或健康问题;在图书馆一般是谈论看书或借书;等等。同学们如果知道了对话的环境,就可预测可能谈到的话题;反之,如果知道谈论的话题,也就可以推断对话者之间的关系或对话的环境。假若你在试卷上读到下面一题(湖北高考听力题):
Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In an office. ?摇?摇B. In a library. ?摇 C. In a bookstore.
【分析】当同学们在试卷上读到这样的文字信息时,应该事先预测这些地方可能涉及的话题。如果是在办公室,多半是谈论工作问题;如果是在图书馆,则多是涉及借书;若是在书店,则多半是涉及卖书。下面请看看此题的录音原文:
M:Excuse me. Is this dictionary available?
W:Ur...Oxford Learners’ Dictionary,the seventh edition? I am sorry. It’s sold out.
M:Oh,that’s too bad.
该对话有两个关键词:一是dictionary,二是 sell out。dictionary一词暗示对话地点可能是library或bookstore,sell out则暗示是bookstore不是library。
技巧3 巧借选项异同抢分
有的听力考题所提供的选项内容比较长,此时同学们可以用区分、比较选项的共同点和不同点的方法来寻找与听力原文相联系的潜在信息。一般说来,当听力选项较长时,一般都是竖向排列的,此时同学们可以用竖向分离的方法将它们的共同点和不同点区分开来。如:
A. She has bought a new Chinese-English dictionary.
B. She decided to buy a new Chinese-English dictionary.
C. She wants to borrow a new Chinese-English dictionary.
D. She has brought a new Chinese-English dictionary.
【分析】如果同学们用两条竖线将上面例题选择项中的主语、谓语和宾语分开,便可更清楚地看出,它们的主语部分都是相同的,宾语部分也相同,不同的部分是谓语,而不同的部分正是听音中要弄清的重点问题。在听音时就将注意力和视线的落点都集中在四个谓语部分上。另外,对于句子结构差别很大,无法从字面上区分异同的选择项,要设法从语义和内容中寻找一些共同点和不同点。如:
A. It’s too late for the man to go to the concert.
B. The man must wait for two hours to buy a ticket.
C. The man can buy a standing-room ticket tomorrow.
D. People have already been standing in line for two hours.
看完这四个选择项,同学们可能会有这样的预感:听力原文的主要内容是男方要买音乐会的门票。问题是怎样买?买什么票?是排队等两个小时,还是买明天的站票?现在带着这两个问题来看一下相应的听力原文:
M:Do you have a seat for concert tomorrow?
W:No seats at all,but we sell standing-room tickets two hours before the performance.
Q:What does the woman mean?
【分析】听力原文中We sell standing-room tickets回答了我们预测中的问题,因此正确答案为C。Wait for two hours和standing in line for two hours都是利用听力原文中曾出现的词汇而设置的干扰。
技巧4 根据关键词的出现频率抢分
同学们在进行听力测试前,先把答卷浏览一遍,有时会发现有的单词或短语在选项中出现的频率较高,并且出现的机会还有一定的规律,此时同学们可以根据这些多次在选项中出现的单词或词组来预测听力原文的相关内容。一般来说,在选择项中出现频率较高的单词或词组,在听力原文中使用它们的可能性就比较大。如:
A. The teacher postponed the meeting.
B. There won’t be a test this afternoon.
C. The students will be attending the meeting.
D. The students will take an English test this afternoon.
【分析】选项中的划线部分都是在选项中出现较多的词汇,可以预测听力原文的内容会与meeting或test有关。将其他的信息联系起来,我们可以得到听力原文的含义可能是:学生们今天下午将参加(或不参加)考试(或会议)。录音中的听力原文是这样的:
W:Shall we have an English test this afternoon?
M:It’s postponed because the teacher has to attend a meeting.
Q:What do we learn from the conversation?
听力原文与我们预测的内容是一致的,并且很多词汇已在选择中出现,只要弄清It’s postponed中的it是指English test,就能很容易选出正确答案B。
技巧5 通过分析前后相关问题抢分
一段录音材料一般设计2至3个问题,这些问题往往形成了一个信息链,考生可以从中预测听力测试内容,有时甚至问题本身就泄露了答案。比如,广东卷有一年的高考听力最后一段独白有这样两道题:
19. Why did the speaker get a parking ticket?
A. His car was parked for too long.
B. His car took up too much space.
C. He left his car in a wrong place.
20. Which of the following words describes the day the speaker had?
A. Exciting.
B. Unlucky
C. Tiring
【分析】19小题的问题是“说话人为什么得到违章停车罚单”,而20小题是问“哪个词可反映出说话人的心情”。根据第19小题的题干我们可以大胆地猜出20小题答案可能是B,即unlucky。
(编辑 陈根花)