一、引言“认同”是美国修辞学家肯尼斯·伯克新修辞学的主要观点。他认为,认同就是借助一定的外部手段联合他人并形成合作,“修辞活动的本质和标志是认同”。伯克提出了三种认同类型:同情认同(identification by sympathy)、对立认同(identification by antithesis)和错误认同(identification by inacc uracy)。同情认同通过人与人之间的共同情感、体验和利益以实现听众与说话人的认同。对立认同是通过与共同的对立者对抗以获得合作团结。错误认 I. INTRODUCTION “Identity ” is the main point of view of the new rhetoric by American rhetorician Kenneth Burke. In his opinion, identity refers to using some external means to join others and form cooperation. “The essence and symbol of rhetorical activity is recognition.” Burke proposes three types of identity: identification by sympathy, identification by antithesis and identification by inacc uracy. Compassionate identity is achieved through the common feelings, experiences and interests between people to achieve the recognition of the audience and the speaker. Opposition is the identification of cooperation and unity through confrontation with common opponents. False recognition