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手术治疗、放射治疗和化学抗癌药物治疗是传统的治疗恶性肿瘤的方法。但三种疗法都有一定的适应范围,而且在临床应用中受到其有效性和副作用的限制。近年来兴起的使用生物反应调节剂(biological response modifier,BRM)以治疗恶性肿瘤的生物治疗,被称为肿瘤治疗的第四程式。生物治疗是利用BRM通过从体外补充诱导或活化体内固有的BRM系统具有生物活性的细胞和/或因子,以调整生物反应。生物治疗不同于以直接攻击肿瘤为目的的手术、放疗和化疗。 BRM是通过调节宿主与肿瘤之间的免疫失衡来达到治疗目的,包括增强宿主对肿瘤细胞的免疫应答能力;改善宿主的免疫抑制状态;增强肿瘤细胞的免疫
Surgical treatment, radiation therapy and chemical anticancer drug treatment are traditional methods for treating malignant tumors. However, all three therapies have a certain range of adaptation and are limited by their effectiveness and side effects in clinical applications. The rise in recent years of the use of biological response modifiers (BRM) for the treatment of malignant tumors is known as the fourth program for cancer therapy. Biological therapy is the use of BRM to modulate biological responses by in vitro supplementation that induces or activates biologically active cells and/or factors in the intrinsic BRM system in vivo. Biological treatment is different from surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy for the purpose of directly attacking tumors. BRM achieves its therapeutic goals by regulating the immunological imbalance between the host and the tumor, including enhancing the host’s immune response to tumor cells; improving the host’s immunosuppressive state; and enhancing the immunity of tumor cells.