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微小RNA(miRNA)是一类分布十分广泛的内源性非编码RNA,在动物、植物和病毒中广泛存在。miRNA与肿瘤的发生、发展和预后有关,并在肿瘤的增殖、分化及凋亡等方面有重要的作用。大量研究结果表明,许多miRNA可作为原癌基因或抑癌基因,在肿瘤的发生和发展中发挥重要作用,其中miR-21最受重视。miR-21作为较早发现的人类miRNA之一,因其较为明确的存在背景,而成为人类miRNA功能研究中的重要工具。就miR-21与妇科肿瘤关系的研究进展做综述。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of widely distributed endogenous non-coding RNAs, widely found in animals, plants and viruses. MiRNAs are related to the occurrence, development and prognosis of tumors, and play an important role in tumor proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. A large number of studies have shown that many miRNAs can play an important role in oncogenesis and tumorigenesis as proto-oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, of which miR-21 is the most important. As one of the earliest discovered human miRNAs, miR-21 has become an important tool in the study of human miRNA function due to its relatively clear background. The research progress of the relationship between miR-21 and gynecologic oncology is reviewed.