乡镇企业要发展,必须具备一定数量和质量的机器设备,这是企业生产的物质技术基础。而各种设备的技术状况是否良好,使用是否经济合理,则直接关系到企业的产品质量和经济效益。为此,必须加强设备管理。乡镇企业的设备管理,除实施包括从设备的选购开始,经过生产使用、维修,直至报废退出生产领域的全过程管理外,重点应贯彻“操作规程”和“检修规程”。当前,各乡镇企业管理水平相差悬殊,有些是最原始的作坊式企业,无管理可言;较多企业设有专人兼职管理设备,但缺乏设备管理的系统知识;有些厂配备了专职管理人员、技术人员和维修工人,对设备管理与维修做了大量工作,为确保设备完好和生产顺利进行起了重要作用,但离现代设备管理的要求,还有相当大的差距。另一方面,乡镇企业的设备管理不能照搬国营大中型企业的模式,要因地制宜地学习运用国营大中型企业行之有效的管理方法,建立起一套 Township enterprises must have a certain amount and quality of machinery and equipment to develop. This is the material and technological basis for production. The technical conditions of various equipment are good, and whether the use is economically reasonable is directly related to the product quality and economic benefits of the enterprise. For this reason, equipment management must be strengthened. The equipment management of township and village enterprises, in addition to the implementation of the purchase of equipment from the start, through the production and use, maintenance, until the retirement of the whole process of production management, the focus should be implemented “operational procedures” and “repair procedures.” At present, the management levels of township and village enterprises differ widely. Some are the most primitive workshop-type enterprises and have no management at all. Many enterprises have dedicated personnel to manage their equipment part-time but lack the system knowledge of equipment management. Some factories are equipped with full-time management personnel. Technical staff and maintenance workers have done a lot of work on equipment management and maintenance. They play an important role in ensuring equipment integrity and smooth production, but there is still a considerable gap from the requirements of modern equipment management. On the other hand, the equipment management of township and village enterprises can not replicate the model of large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises, and it is necessary to learn how to use the effective management methods of large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises according to local conditions to establish a set of