血红蛋白病是一类血红蛋白合成减少或结构异常的遗传性疾病。世界上有一亿以上人口携带着血红蛋白病的基因,每年约有一百万人死于此病。在临床方面,某些异常血红蛋白可导致溶血性贫血或高铁血红蛋白症,不稳定血红蛋白患者常在服用某些药物或细菌病毒感染后出现溶血或者缺乏叶酸出现再障危象时才被发现。因此血红蛋白病的研究在医学、遗传学及人类学方面均有重要意义。 Hemoglobinopathy is a hereditary disease with reduced or structural hemoglobin synthesis. More than 100 million people in the world carry the gene for hemoglobin disease, and about 1 million people die of the disease each year. Clinically, some abnormal hemoglobin can lead to hemolytic anemia or methemoglobinemia, unstable hemoglobin patients often take certain drugs or bacterial virus infection after hemolysis or lack of folic acid in the absence of azoospermia crisis was found. Therefore, hemoglobinopathies are of great importance in medicine, genetics and anthropology.