引言地球物理设施按能力可以分为现有基础能力、新兴基础能力和前沿能力。目前的现有能力对科学发展尤为重要,若被削减,会对科学研究产生阻碍。新兴能力是指在成熟的技术条件下,能够在重大科学挑战的应对中带来突破的基础设施。前沿设施能力是指在不同程度上新出现的能力,能对科学产生变革作用,对社会意义重大。2015年9月,美国地震学联合研究会(Incorporated Re- Introduction Geophysical facilities can be divided into existing basic capabilities, emerging basic capabilities and cutting-edge capabilities by capabilities. The current existing capabilities are particularly important for scientific development. If they are curtailed, they will hinder scientific research. Emerging capabilities are those infrastructure that can bring about breakthroughs in response to major scientific challenges under mature technical conditions. The ability of frontier facilities means the newly emerging capabilities to varying degrees, which can have a transforming effect on science and have great social significance. In September 2015, the American Joint Seismological Society (Incorporated Re-