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评述了几种重型抽油机在开发辽河油田稠油资源中的使用和改进情况，指出这些抽油机都程度不同地存在着可靠性低和技术性能难以完全适应埋藏深、粘度高的稠油的开采。从优选参数、改进结构等方面，探讨了游梁式和链条式两类抽油机研制方案，对前者提出了减速器扭矩在配置上应比常规抽油机提高１～２个档次，异相式抽油机的偏置角控制在５％～７％以内为宜；对后者提出了应研制１６型机械平衡式链条机，同时加快对气平衡系统的攻关，以提高气平衡链条机的可靠性和使用寿命。
The use and improvement of several heavy oil pumping units in the development of heavy oil resources in Liaohe Oilfield are reviewed. It is pointed out that these pumping units all have different degrees of reliability and difficult to fully adapt to the deep buried and viscous heavy oil Mining. From the aspects of optimization parameters and structure improvement, the research proposal of two types of beam-type and chain-type pumping units was discussed. For the former, the reducer torque should be increased by 1 ~ 2 grades than conventional pumping units, The offset angle of the pumping unit is controlled within 5% ~ 7%. The latter proposes that a 16-type mechanical balance chain machine should be developed and the research on the gas balance system should be accelerated so as to improve the gas balance chain machine Reliability and service life.