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地球上最荒凉的地方就是沙漠,因为几乎没有生物可以在那里生存。有些沙漠终年又干又热,有些在冬季则严寒而干燥,北极和南极的冻地也是沙漠。沙漠里的土壤很薄,甚至没什么土壤,所以寸草不生。事实上,沙漠里不是散布着石块,就是被裸露着的岩石或移动着的沙丘所覆盖。沙漠里植物稀少,这代表着能存活的生物不多。沙漠地区的雨量极少,年降雨量可能只有几厘米而已,有时甚至一连几年都不下雨。沙漠里的干燥空气使露在地面的水分很快就蒸发掉。在少见的暴风雨中,沙漠里也没有植物可以减缓水流的速度。洪水注满成湖,湖水又马上干掉,结果形成了盐田。全世界沙漠的分布如右图所示。
The most desolate place on earth is the desert, because few creatures can survive there. Some deserts are dry and hot all year round, while others are cold and dry in winter, and deserts in the Arctic and Antarctic. The soil in the desert is very thin, even without any soil, so weeds are not born. In fact, the desert is not covered with rocks, covered by bare rocks or moving sand dunes. There are few plants in the desert, which means that there are not many creatures that can survive. Rain in the desert is minimal, annual rainfall may be only a few centimeters, and sometimes even for years without rain. The dry air in the desert evaporates the moisture on the ground quickly. In a rare storm, there are no plants in the desert to slow the flow of water. Flood filled lake, the lake immediately kill, resulting in the formation of the Yantian. The distribution of deserts around the world is shown on the right.