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目的了解广西人间鼠疫流行特征,为鼠疫防治工作提供科学依据。方法对56例鼠疫病人的临床和流行病学资料进行综合分析。结果(1)广西鼠疫主要宿主是黄胸鼠,主要传播媒介是印鼠客蚤;(2)所有鼠疫病人均有直接或间接接触病、死鼠而被跳蚤叮咬的历史,主要传播途径是鼠-蚤-人;(3)广西鼠疫病人均为腺鼠疫,占100%;(4)男女性别间发病率无显著差异,发病年龄无明显差别;(5)受害人群主要是农民,占69.6%;(6)鼠疫流行表现为双峰型,大高峰出现在6~9月份,小高峰出现在10~12月份。结论广西鼠疫面临着外源性输入和内源性复燃的双重威胁,鼠疫防治形势严峻。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of plague in Guangxi and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of plague. Methods The clinical and epidemiological data of 56 plague patients were comprehensively analyzed. Results (1) The main host of plague in Guangxi was Rattus flavipectum, the main vector was Rhesus murine flea; (2) All the plague patients had a history of being directly or indirectly contacted by disease and dead rats and being bitten by fleas. The main route of transmission was rat - flea - people; (3) Guangxi Plague plague patients were all bubonic plague, accounting for 100%; (4) There was no significant difference in the incidence of male and female sex, age of onset there was no significant difference; (5) The victims were mainly farmers, accounting for 69.6% (6) The prevalence of the plague was bimodal, the major peak appeared from June to September, and the small peak appeared from October to December. Conclusion Guangxi plague faces the dual threat of exogenous input and endogenous resurgence, and the prevention and treatment of plague is grim.