用言语—操作和人机对话两种方式完成１２项认知作业年老化比较研究，被试２４２人，４６－７５岁。结果表明：（１）一些作业（符号数字、视觉数字广度、听觉数字广度、词对联想学习、图象自由回忆和无意图形再认）成绩随年老明显下降，另一些作业（图象分类、卡片分类、心算和矩阵填图）成绩不随年老明显降低；（２）再次验证心算、符号数字、数字鉴别和计数四项非词语性作业速度随年老进行性减慢。 A comparative study of 12 age-related cognitive homework tasks was conducted using speech-manipulation and man-machine dialogue. 242 subjects were aged 46-75 years old. The results show that: (1) Some assignments (symbolic numbers, breadth of visual numbers, breadth of auditory digits, association of word pairs, associative learning of images, recall of images and inadvertent pattern recognition) Card classification, mental arithmetic and matrix mapping) score is not significantly reduced with age; (2) re-verify the mental arithmetic, the number of symbols, digital identification and counting four non-word-sex operation slowed down with age.