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采用原位反应近熔点铸造技术,研究制备Al_2O_3颗粒弥散强化Cu复合材料的最佳工艺参数。利用光学显微镜、XRD和扫描电子显微镜等分析铸态组织的形貌及尺寸,确定制备高强高导Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料的最佳工艺参数。结果表明最佳工艺参数:反应物及稀释剂配比Al∶CuO∶Cu=1∶4.4∶8.2质量比进行配制,混粉时间为60 min,预制块压力为12 MPa。此时,反应能够平稳进行。在最佳反应参数下,选择纯铜熔点1 083℃附近浇铸成型,当原位Al_2O_3颗粒质量含量为1.1%时,复合材料的组织由尺寸较小等轴晶构成。原位生成的Al_2O_3增强颗粒比较均匀的分布在铜基体材料中,尺寸约1μm左右,表明原位Al_2O_3颗粒的加入对材料组织有良好的均匀化和球化作用。
The in-situ reactive near-point casting technique was used to study the optimum technological parameters of Al_2O_3 particle dispersion strengthened Cu composites. The morphology and size of the as-cast structure were analyzed by optical microscope, XRD and SEM, and the optimum technological parameters for preparing high strength and high conductivity Al_2O_3 / Cu composites were determined. The results showed that the optimum process parameters were as follows: the mass ratio of reactant to diluent Al: CuO: Cu = 1: 4.4: 8.2, the mixing time was 60 min and the preform pressure was 12 MPa. In this case, the reaction can proceed smoothly. Under the optimum reaction parameters, the melting point of pure copper was cast near 1 083 ℃. When the mass fraction of Al 2 O 3 particles in situ was 1.1%, the microstructure of the composites consisted of smaller equiaxed grains. The in-situ Al 2 O 3 reinforced particles distributed uniformly in the copper matrix with a size of about 1 μm, indicating that the addition of in-situ Al 2 O 3 particles had a good homogenization and spheroidization effect on the material microstructure.