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在过去50年左右的时间里,肯尼亚进行的水土保持计划仅仅产生了一些零星的和非持续性的效果。1988年,农业部开始采用小流域治理方式。起初这仅仅被认为是一种能够集中利用技术成果的方法,结果成为多学科参与和社区总动员的措施。要实现持久的水土资源保持,只有实施彻底的保护措施和当地所有参加者的全身心地投入。小流域委员会能够优先考虑当地最迫切需要解决的问题,并提供一条当地社区与外界联系的渠道。在六个地区进行的自我评价显示,在那些实行“共同参与” 的地区,效果最为显著。在这些地区农作物产量增加,种植趋于多样性,树木与地面覆盖增多,地下水资源得到补给,土地价格和劳动效率提高,他们还能主动地把成功范例推广到邻近地区。
Over the past 50 years or so, the soil and water conservation programs carried out in Kenya have produced only sporadic and non-sustainable effects. In 1988, the Ministry of Agriculture started to use small watershed management. At first this was only considered as a way to focus on the use of technological achievements, the result of multi-disciplinary participation and community mobilization measures. In order to achieve long-term conservation of soil and water resources, only thorough protection measures and the devotion of all local participants should be devoted. Small watershed committees can prioritize the most pressing problems on the ground and provide a link between the local community and the outside world. Self-evaluations in six regions show that the effect is most pronounced in those areas where “participation” is practiced. They are also able to proactively promote successful examples to neighboring areas in the regions where crop yields are increased, cultivation is more diversified, trees and ground cover are increased, groundwater is replenished, land prices and labor efficiency are increased.