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本研究通过高温实时观察系统可视化研究了钽铌酸钾晶体的熔化和生长过程中气泡的产生及其与界面的相互作用。研究发现气泡在熔化过程中主要从固液界面处而不是熔体中产生。半径小于0.7 r(其中r为气泡平均半径)的气泡大多来源于在固液界面处的成核,而半径大于1.5 r的气泡则为多个小气泡合并的结果。气泡的存在不仅会使临近界面生长速度降低,还会影响晶体结构。单个气泡对生长界面的影响不仅取决于二者的长度比例,还取决于界面的移动速度。实验证明了三种典型的包裹体结构(帽子状、球状以及椭球状)。本文对于气泡行为的研究有助于了解KTN晶体生长过程中包裹体的形成过程。
In this study, the generation of bubbles and their interaction with the interface during the melting and growth of potassium tantalate niobate crystals were investigated visually by a real-time high-temperature observation system. The study found that bubbles in the melting process mainly from the solid-liquid interface rather than the melt generated. Bubbles with a radius of less than 0.7 r (where r is the average bubble radius) originate mostly from nucleation at the solid-liquid interface, whereas bubbles with a radius greater than 1.5 r are the result of multiple small bubbles combined. The presence of bubbles not only reduces the rate of growth near the interface but also affects the crystal structure. The effect of a single bubble on the growth interface depends not only on the length ratio of the two, but also on the speed at which the interface moves. Experiments show three typical inclusions (hat-shaped, spherical and ellipsoidal). In this paper, the study of bubble behavior helps to understand the formation of inclusions during the growth of KTN crystals.