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本文试图从马克思政治经济学批判体系的视角出发,从企业、国家政权、阶级三层结构探讨日本经济金融化的原因。在企业层面,本文通过观测企业资产、企业受益和其支出的结构确认了企业积累活动的金融化,并指出劳动分配率的下降以及资本积累率的停滞是它的前提。在国家层面,国家的自由化战略显著推动了经济的金融化。日本经济自由化改革的外因是全球竞争带来的门户开放压力,其内因则是作为统治阶级的资产阶级为了推动企业积累活动的金融化,要求政府放松金融管制。在阶级层面,本文展示了工人、产业资本家和货币资本家是如何在剩余价值的分配问题上围绕劳动分配率、生产率和利润分配率展开复杂的斗争,并指出工人阶级的历史性失败和资产阶级内部的霸权交替是经济金融化这一“经济地震”背后的“板块运动”。
This article tries to discuss the reason of Japan’s economic financialization from the perspective of the critical system of Marxist political economy from the three-tier structure of enterprises, state power and class. At the enterprise level, this paper confirms the financialization of the accumulated activities of enterprises by observing the assets of the enterprises, the benefit of the enterprises and the structure of their expenditures. It also points out that the declining labor distribution rate and the stagnation of the capital accumulation rate are the prerequisites. At the national level, the national liberalization strategy significantly contributed to the financialization of the economy. The external cause of Japan’s economic liberalization reform is the pressure of opening its doors to openness caused by global competition. The internal reason is that the bourgeoisie, as the ruling class, demanded financial deregulation by the government in order to promote the financialization of its accumulated activities. At the class level, this article shows how workers, industrialists, and monetary capitalists engaged in complex struggles around the distribution of labor surplus, productivity and profit distribution, pointing out the historic failure of the working class and the internal bourgeoisie The alternation of hegemony is the “plate movement” behind the “economic earthquake” of economic and financialization.