辨别古代书画的真伪及其艺术水平的高下叫书画鉴定。书画鉴定从何处着眼,拿什么作为依据,我们认为可以分为主要依据和辅助依据两个方面。鉴定的主要依据是作品的本身,书画的时代气息和书画家的个人风格及款识,鉴定的辅助依据很多,最主要的有:质地(纸、绢或绫),题跋,收藏印章,著录书以及装潢。书画装潢与书画本身的关系比较间接一些,但它对书画鉴定,有时却有着密切的关 Identify the authenticity of ancient calligraphy and painting and the artistic level of the calligraphy and painting appraisal. Where to look for the identification of calligraphy and painting, what to take as a basis, we think that can be divided into two major areas based on and supporting evidence. Identification of the main basis for the work itself, the era of calligraphy and painting and calligraphy and painter’s personal style and style identification, identification of the auxiliary basis many, the most important are: texture (paper, silk or Aya), inscriptions, collectibles seal, Decorating. The relationship between calligraphy and painting and calligraphy and painting itself indirectly, but it is appraisal of calligraphy and painting, but sometimes it has a close