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目的研究血源性致病因子在医务人员职业暴露中的分布及其发生因素,制定可行的防护措施。方法通过回顾性分析方法,对某医院医务人员职业暴露中血源性致病因子分布情况及影响因素进行调查与分析。结果共调查该医院医务人员发生职业暴露264例,锐器伤是导致医务人员职业暴露的主要原因,乙型肝炎(HBV)是职业暴露中最主要的血源性病原体,护士是发生职业暴露的主要人群,注射器针头及锐器分类放置不当分别是导致锐器伤的主要锐器物和主要环节。结论加强职业安全防护培训,完善医疗废物锐器分类,规范医护人员诊疗操作等能减少医护人员职业暴露的发生,加大乙肝知识宣传,提高医护人员乙肝疫苗接种率是减少医护人员被乙肝感染的有效方式。
Objective To study the distribution of causal agents of blood-borne pathogenic factors in occupational occupational health-care workers and their causes, and to develop feasible protective measures. Methods The retrospective analysis was conducted to investigate and analyze the distribution of blood-borne pathogenic factors and their influencing factors in occupational exposure of medical staff in a hospital. Results A total of 264 hospital occupational exposures were investigated. Sharp injuries were the major cause of occupational exposure among medical staff. Hepatitis B (HBV) was the most important blood-borne pathogen in occupational exposure and the occupational exposure of nurses Main groups, improper placement of syringe needles and sharps, respectively, are the major sharp objects and major components that lead to sharp injuries. Conclusion Strengthening occupational safety training, improving the classification of medical waste sharp instruments, and standardizing the diagnosis and treatment of medical staff can reduce the occupational exposure of medical staff, increase the publicity of hepatitis B knowledge, and increase the hepatitis B vaccination rate of medical staff to reduce the number of medical workers infected with hepatitis B Effective way