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沉淀和共沉淀是经典的化学分离方法,也是分析化学中的重要基础知识。人们关于共沉淀的类型和机理进行了大量研究,总结出了一些经验规律。本讲着重介绍Paneth-Fajans-Hahn关于共沉淀的吸附规律,我国学者赵廷炳等关于硫酸钡对某些阴离子的吸附次序,Fereundlich吸附等温式,Dorner与Hoskins的对数分布定律,Chlopin提出的共沉淀过程中微量组分和常量组分的均匀分布式,以及Kolthoff关于共沉淀和后沉淀的研究成果。旨在使读者能对共沉淀的类型和机理获得一定的了解,以便更好地克服和利用共沉淀去解决分析中的实际问题。
Precipitation and coprecipitation are classical methods of chemical separation and are also important foundational analytical chemistry. A great deal of research has been done on the types and mechanisms of coprecipitation, and some empirical laws have been summarized. This talk focuses on the introduction of Paneth-Fajans-Hahn’s law of coprecipitation adsorption, Zhao Tingbing and other scholars on the adsorption order of certain anions of barium sulfate, Fereundlich adsorption isotherm, Dorner and Hoskins logarithm distribution law, coprecipitation proposed by Chlopin Uniform distribution of trace components and constant components in the process, and Kolthoff’s research findings on coprecipitation and post-precipitation. It aims to give the reader some knowledge of the type and mechanism of coprecipitation in order to better overcome and exploit coprecipitation to solve practical problems in the analysis.