汉语中焦点与重音的对应关系——基于语料库的初步研究

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文章通过30篇自然叙事语篇,在焦点和重音确定的基础上,经过统计分析,对焦点与重音的对应关系进行探讨。结果主要发现:在朗读语篇中,绝大多数焦点都会被重读,但重读程度有差异,只有大约一半的焦点会获得强重音。句末信息焦点重读概率达88%。宽焦点中重音分布的基本规则是:联合式短语以等重为主;主谓、述宾、述补短语以后重为主;定中和状中短语以前重为主。这表明,汉语中重音是表现焦点的重要手段,而不是句法手段的一种补偿。宽焦点中重音的分布规则跟常规重音的分布规则基本上是一致的。 Through 30 natural narrative texts, based on the confirmation of focus and accent, through the statistical analysis, the article discusses the correspondence between focus and accent. The main findings were as follows: In the reading texts, most of the focus will be re-read, but there are differences in degree of rereading, and only about half of the focus will get strong accent. Final message focus on the probability of 88%. The basic rules of accent distribution in wide focus are as follows: the conjunctive phrase is mainly based on equal weight; the main predicate, the discourse object and the supplemental phrase are the later ones; This shows that stress in Chinese is an important means of performance rather than a compensation of syntactic means. The distribution rules of accent in wide focus are basically the same as the distribution rules of normal accent.
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