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拒绝许可在不同语境下有着不同的法律效力,在民商事领域,拒绝许可作为当事人意思自由的表示,具有正当性。而在竞争法领域,往往需要具体分析。占据市场优势地位的竞争者如果采取了滥用知识产权的行为,并且排除、限制了相关市场的竞争,那么反垄断法就有介入的必要。本文试图从拒绝许可的概念厘定出发,分析拒绝许可的动因,进一步考量拒绝许可的竞争效果,最后得出拒绝许可的反垄断法分析路径,以期对未来我国相关制度的完善有所裨益。
Refusal permits have different legal effects in different contexts. In the field of civil and commercial affairs, it is justified to refuse permission as the expression of the parties’ freedom of intent. In the field of competition law, specific analysis is often required. If competitors who occupy dominant positions in the market take the act of abusing intellectual property rights and exclude and restrict the competition in the relevant market, the antitrust law will be necessary for intervention. This article attempts to start from the concept of refusing permission, analyze the reasons for refusing permission, further consider the competitive effect of refusing permit, and finally come up with the analysis of anti-monopoly law of refusing permission, with a view to the future of China’s related systems to improve.