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诺贝尔文学奖是世界范围内文学创作的最具权威的奖项之一,奖项一个多世纪的历史是瑞典学院国际视野不断被挑战和被开拓的历史。诺贝尔文学奖的版图轨迹体现的是观念史,文学价值的评估史,以及文学与政治、经济、外交等非文学因素的博弈史。本文从文化地理学的角度出发,主要探讨三个问题:一,外部世界的变迁在文学内部得到认同或者质疑,并通过文学奖项体现出来;二,某一新的区域成为世界文学版图上显著一点后,它背后所反映的语言、文化特性;三,一个世界性的文学奖项同区域文学之间的张力,二者相辅相成,共同促进20世纪以来的世界文学。
The Nobel Prize for literature is one of the most authoritative awards in literary creation in the world. The history of more than a century of awarding is the history of the constantly challenged and pioneering of the international perspective of the Swedish Academy. The layout track of the Nobel Prize for Literature reflects the history of ideas, the history of the assessment of literary values, and the history of the non-literary factors such as literature, politics, economy and diplomacy. From the perspective of cultural geography, this paper mainly discusses three issues: First, the changes in the external world are recognized or questioned in the literature and are reflected through literary awards; second, a new region becomes a prominent place on the world literature map The cultural and linguistic features that are reflected behind it; and thirdly, the tension between a global literary award and regional literature that complement each other and jointly promote world literature since the 20th century.