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目的:从语音知觉角度出发初步探究感音神经性聋患者的汉语普通话声调知觉的心理物理学特征知觉模式特点及其与听力正常人的异同。方法:采用POSOLA信号合成技术对普通话女发声人的原始语音材料/ā/的基频进行控制,获得基频曲拱连续变化的一声/二声(T1/T2)、一声/四声(T1/T4)和二声/三声(T2/T3)的3组声调连续统。并在E-Studio测试平台控制下对23例感音神经性聋患者进行识别任务测试。采用SPSS 19.0软件拟合感音神经性聋患者声调知觉曲线,分析其声调知觉模式特点及其与听力正常人的异同,探究引起差异的可能原因。结果:①感音神经性聋患者声调知觉曲线具有明确的曲线边界和交点,在曲线交点前后测试成绩发生突变,符合范畴化知觉特性;其曲线形态呈现倒“S”型,与听力正常组类同;②该组耳聋患者声调连续刺激声的反应率与听力正常人无明显差异(T1/T2组∶P=0.811;T1/T4组∶P=0.528;T2/T3组∶P=0.555)。结论:感音神经性聋患者汉语普通话声调知觉模式仍可表现出范畴知觉特征,听觉系统的轻度受损对声调知觉模式的影响程度有限。
Objective: To explore the characteristics of psychophysical characteristics of Mandarin Chinese tone perception in patients with sensorineural hearing loss and their similarities and differences with normal hearing people from the perspective of speech perception. Methods: POSOLA signal synthesis technique was used to control the fundamental frequency of the mandarin female vocal original speech material / ā /, obtaining continuous T1 / T2, T1 / T4) and second / third sound (T2 / T3) 3 sets of tone continuum. Under the control of E-Studio test platform, 23 patients with sensorineural deafness were tested for recognition task. Tune perception curve of patients with sensorineural hearing loss was fitted by SPSS 19.0 software. The characteristics of tone perception pattern and its similarities and differences with those of normal people were analyzed to explore the possible causes. Results: (1) The tone perception curves of patients with sensorineural hearing loss had clear curve boundaries and intersections, and the test scores changed before and after the curve intersection, which was consistent with the categorized perceptual characteristics. The curves showed “S” shape and normal hearing (P <0.05) .②The response rate of consecutive tone-stimuli in deafness patients was no significant difference between the two groups (T1 / T2 group: P = 0.811; T1 / T4 group: P = 0.528; T2 / T3 group: ). CONCLUSION: The tone perception patterns of Mandarin Chinese in patients with sensorineural hearing loss may still exhibit category perceptual characteristics. The mild impairment of auditory system has a limited impact on tone perception patterns.