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目的初步探究苦瓜提取物30 d喂养对BALB/c小鼠的毒性作用。方法 80只雌性BALB/c小鼠,以体重分层随机分为2个大组,每大组40只;每大组再按体重随机分为4组,每组10只,分别为对照组,苦瓜提取物低、中、高剂量组,其中受试物试验剂量设为0、1.11、3.33、10.00 g/kg·BW,灌胃给予30 d,每周称重以调整灌胃量,实验结束后采血测各项血液学和临床生化指标,进行脏器称重、脾细胞计数以及病理组织学检查。结果受试物各剂量组小鼠体重及主要脏器系数与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);血常规检测结果显示受试物中剂量组血红蛋白含量较对照组显著降低(P<0.05),高剂量组淋巴细胞百分比较对照组显著降低(P<0.05),中性粒细胞百分比较对照组显著升高(P<0.05);受试物其他各剂量组白细胞计数及分类、红细胞计数、血红蛋白含量、红细胞压积、平均红细胞体积、平均血红蛋白含量与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);血生化检测结果显示受试物高剂量组血糖值较对照组显著升高(P<0.05),受试物高剂量组肌酐较对照组显著降低(P<0.05);上述血常规及血生化检测指标的改变均在本实验室历史参考值范围内,故无生物学意义。受试物其他各剂量组血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、尿素、肌酐、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、血糖、总蛋白、白蛋白测定值与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各剂量组小鼠的肝、肾、胃、脾的病理指标也未显示出有受试物引起的异常改变。结论苦瓜提取物喂养30 d对正常BALB/c小鼠未见明显毒性作用。
Objective To investigate the toxic effects of bitter melon extract on BALB / c mice after 30 d feeding. Methods Eighty female BALB / c mice were randomly divided into two groups according to body weight: 40 in each group. Each group was divided into 4 groups randomly according to body weight: 10 in each group, which were control group, Balsam pear extract low, medium and high dose group, of which the test substance test dose was set to 0,1.11,3.33,10.00 g / kg · BW, gavage for 30 days, weighed weekly to adjust the gavage, the end of the experiment Blood tests after hematology and clinical biochemical indicators, organ weighing, spleen cell count and histopathological examination. Results There was no significant difference in body weight and major organ coefficient between the mice in each dose group and the control group (P> 0.05). The blood test results showed that the hemoglobin content of the middle dose group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). The percentage of lymphocytes in high dose group was significantly lower than that in control group (P <0.05), the percentage of neutrophils was significantly higher than that in control group (P <0.05) There was no significant difference in the classification, erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean erythrocyte volume and average hemoglobin content between the two groups (P> 0.05). The results of blood biochemistry showed that the blood glucose level of high dose group was higher than that of control group (P <0.05). Creatinine in the high-dose test group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). The blood and blood biochemical indexes were all within the range of the historical reference value of the laboratory No biological significance. There was no significant difference in the measured values of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, blood glucose, total protein and albumin between the other test groups and the control group (P> 0.05) The pathological parameters of liver, kidney, stomach and spleen of mice in each dose group did not show the abnormal changes caused by the test substance. Conclusion Bitter melon extract for 30 days showed no significant toxic effects on normal BALB / c mice.