在物理教科書中和在講授的實践中,解釋用驗電器所做的實驗,常常講得不够清楚,而有時是完全錯誤的。M.M.别内真指出了一個這樣的例子@然,這些错誤是與容易忘却的某些靜電狀態相關連的。因此提醒一下事情的本質是適宜的。通常稱做驗電器的一種仪器,它的構造如圖1a或圖16所示,或者有某些不同的結構。驗電器的主要部分是一根金屬桿及在其上端的小球和在其下端的輕箔(一片或兩片)。金属桿應利用品質最好的絕緣物來固装在具有睞Т暗慕饘俸猩?圖1a)。盒應与地接通(例如,應把它放在具有一些導電性的木桌上)。驗電器的盒子與地連接,對於將驗電器作為物理儀器使 In physics textbooks and in the practice of teaching, it is often not clear enough to explain the experiments done with electroscopes, and sometimes it is totally wrong. An example of this is pointed out by M.M., which, of course, is related to some of the static states that are easily forgotten. It is therefore appropriate to remind ourselves of the nature of the matter. An instrument commonly referred to as an electroscope, which is constructed as shown in Figure 1a or Figure 16, or has some different structure. The main part of the electroscope is a metal rod with a small ball at its upper end and a light foil (one or two pieces) at its lower end. The metal rod should be fastened with the best quality insulation to have a pro-â € œmure figurine â € ¢ Figure 1a). The box should be connected to ground (for example, it should be placed on a somewhat conductive wooden table). Electroscope box and ground connection, for the electroscope as a physical instrument