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为了解决醋酸乙烯聚合反应失控所引起的超压问题,通过VSP2绝热量热仪研究了醋酸乙烯聚合反应的失控特性,并通过Leung’s法对某醋酸乙烯聚合反应器的安全泄放面积进行了计算;然后,在其他条件不变的情况下,研究引发剂质量分数对失控特性和泄放面积的影响,结果表明,引发剂质量分数对反应总放热量的影响不大,体系绝热温升为105~115℃;但引发剂质量分数越大,失控反应的最大温升速率和最大压升速率越大。这是因为引发剂质量分数越大,在相同泄放压力和最大累积压力下,单位质量反应物的放热速率就越大,也就需要更大的泄放面积;最后,引入无量纲数W~*、G~*和A~*,拟合出它们与引发剂质量分数X*的关系式,结果表明,在研究范围内所需安全泄放面积随引发剂质量分数线性增大。
In order to solve the problem of overpressure caused by the uncontrolled polymerization of vinyl acetate, the runaway characteristics of the polymerization of vinyl acetate were studied by VSP2 adiabatic calorimeter. The safe vent area of a vinyl acetate polymerization reactor was calculated by Leung’s method. The results show that the mass fraction of initiator has little effect on the total exothermic reaction, and the adiabatic temperature rise of the system is 105 ~ 115 ℃. However, the larger the initiator mass fraction, the larger the rate of maximum temperature rise and the maximum rate of pressure rise during the runaway reaction. This is because the larger the initiator mass fraction, the greater the rate of heat release per unit mass of reactant at the same discharge pressure and maximum cumulative pressure, and the greater the required bleed area; and finally, the dimensionless number W ~ *, G ~ * and A ~ *, the relationship between them and the mass fraction of initiator X * was fitted. The results showed that the required safety vent area increased linearly with the mass fraction of initiator.