基难管理(Benchmarking)起源于20世纪70年代末至80年代初的美国,它是当时美国学习日本企业的运动中产生的一种管理方法。基准管理的原理就在于向他人学习,观摩他人的最佳实践,通过模仿加创新来超越他人,以实现追求卓越的目标。在管理领域,施乐公司堪称基准管理的鼻祖。据美国19 Benchmarking, which originated in the United States in the late 1970s and early 1980s, was a management method developed by the United States in the movement to study Japanese enterprises. The principle of benchmarking lies in learning from others, observing other people's best practices, and surpassing others through imitation and innovation to achieve the goal of excellence. In the area of ​​management, Xerox is the originator of benchmarking. According to the United States 19