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分子育种技术的研究和应用是近十余年来世界大豆生产发展的重要科技动力。2011年,国内外在大豆分子育种相关领域取得了新的进展。在分子标记开发与辅助育种方面,发掘出与产量、发育、品质、抗病和抗逆等性状相关的新的分子标记或QTL;在新基因挖掘方面,克隆了与光周期反应、共生固氮、品质及抗逆性相关的基因,并分析了其功能。在大豆转基因育种方面,遗传转化体系的优化取得了新的进展,转化效率有所提高,同时对一些功能基因(包括来自其它物种的一些基因)进行了功能评价和育种利用价值评估。转基因大豆继续保持良好的发展势头,并且出现一些新的发展方向。该文对这些研究进展进行了综述,并对今后的发展趋势进行了展望。
The research and application of molecular breeding technology is an important scientific and technological impetus for the development of world soybean production in the recent ten years or so. In 2011, new progress was made in related fields of soybean molecular breeding at home and abroad. In molecular marker development and assisted breeding, new molecular markers or QTLs related to traits such as yield, development, quality, disease resistance and stress resistance were discovered. In the aspect of new gene excision, Quality and stress resistance related genes, and analyzed its function. In soybean genetically modified breeding, new progress has been made in the optimization of genetic transformation system, and the transformation efficiency has been improved. At the same time, some functional genes (including some genes from other species) have been evaluated in function and breeding value. Genetically modified soybeans continue to maintain a good momentum of development, and there are some new directions for development. The article reviews the progress of these studies and looks forward to the future development trend.